Closed-Loop Supply Chain Design with Sustainability Aspects and Network Resilience under Uncertainty: Modelling and Application

In this study, we present a multiobjective mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model to design closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) from production stage distribution as well recycling for reproduction. The given network includes centers, potential points establishing of retrieval collecting and the demand points. presented seeks find optimal locations second-hand product collection centers under uncertainty situation alongside factory’s fixed purpose is minimize overall costs including processing, establishing, transportation products return flows environmental impacts while maximizing social scales flexibility according presence parameters in problem. To solve proposed with fuzzy uncertainty, first, improved epsilon (ε)-constraints approach used transform single-objective Afterward, Lagrangian relaxation applied effectively A real-world case study evaluate performance model. Finally, sensitivity analysis performed effects important on solution.